《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(5): 889-895

氮钾互作对甘薯氮钾元素吸收、分配和利用的影响及与块根产量的关系

赵庆鑫¹, 江燕¹, 史春余^1,*, 司成成¹, 史文卿¹, 王新建¹, 柳洪鹃¹, 史衍玺²

¹山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安271018; ²青岛农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东青岛266109

通信作者：史春余；E-mail: scyu@sdau.edu.cn

摘　要：

选取淀粉型甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)品种‘济徐23’为试验材料, 于2013~2014年在山东农业大学农学试验站进行大田试验, 采用二因素裂区设计, 主区为不同氮肥水平, 副区为不同钾肥水平, 研究氮钾互作对甘薯氮钾元素吸收、分配和利用的影响及其与块根产量的关系。结果表明, 不施用氮肥时的最佳施钾肥量是180 kg·hm^-2, 其氮钾元素利用效率最高、块根产量较高; 施氮量为90 kg·hm^-2时, 施钾肥量至少应该达到360 kg·hm^-2, 其地上部氮钾元素转运率、在块根中分配率和块根产量最高。在适量施氮条件下, 获得甘薯高产的关键是促进地上部氮钾元素向块根转运, 提高收获期在块根中的分配率。

关键词：甘薯; 氮钾; 吸收; 转运分配; 产量

收稿：2017-02-16   修定：2017-04-05

资助：国家自然科学基金(31371577)、山东省薯类产业创新团队首席专家项目(SDAIT-16-022-01)和山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2014CQ040)。

Effect of nitrogen-potassium interaction on absorption and translocation of nitrogen and potassium in sweetpotato and the root yield

ZHAO Qing-Xin¹, JIANG Yan¹, SHI Chun-Yu^1,*, SI Cheng-Cheng¹, SHI Wen-Qing¹, WANG Xin-Jian¹, LIU Hong-Juan¹, SHI Yan-Xi²

¹State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Agronomic Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shangdong 271018, China; ²College of Resources and Environmental Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China

Corresponding author: SHI Chun-Yu; E-mail: scyu@sdau.edu.cn

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted at agricultural experiment station of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong Province in 2013–2014. Split plot design with two factors, three nitrogen (N) levels and three potassium (K) levels. Selected material of the ‘Ji Xu 23’, starch sweetpotato variety, to study N-K interaction on absorption, transfer and distribution of N/K in sweetpotato and its relationship with storage root yield. The results show that the best amount of K fertilizer was 180 kg·hm^-2 when without N fertilizer and its N/K use efficiency was the highest, higher storage root yield. When the amount of N applied was 90 kg·hm^-2, if the shoots of N/K transport rate, roots distribution rate and storage root yield were the highest, the amount of K fertilizer should be at least 360 kg·hm^-2. Under appropriate N application, the key of high yield of sweetpotato could promote the shoot N/K to root transfer, improve the rate of distribution in root at harvest.

Key words: sweetpotato; nitrogen-potassium; absorption; transfer and distribution; yield